Machine for iviaklng taper tu



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. I

Y S. P. M. TASKER. MACHINE FOR MAKING TAPER TUBES PROM HOLLOW INGOTS. No. 831,574@

Patented Deo. 1,1885.

t7@fr HWENTOR @a y@ I i N PETERS. Plom-Linmgmphm'. wuhingxnn. D. C.

(No MOdel.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

S. P. M. T'ASKER.

MAOHINE FOR MAKING TAPER TUBES PROM HOLLOW INGOTS.

110.331.574. Patented Dec. 1,1885.

N. PETERS. mmm-mhumplmr. wnshingmn Nrrn rrares l artnr ritten,

STEPHEN P. M.l TASKER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

MACE-HNE FOR MAKENGTAPERTUBES FRGlVl HOLLOW INGOTS.

SPECIFICATION forming part oi' Letters Patent No. 331,574, dated December 1 1885.

Application filed July 21, 1885.

To @ZZ whom t may concern.-

Be it known that I, STEPHEN l?. M. TAsKER, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improve ments in Machines for Making Taper Tubes from Hollow Metal Ingots, of which the following is a specification.

The object oi" my invention is the manufacture of a taper tube from a hollow tapering metal ingot by rolling, either hot or cold, by means ot' the machine hereinafter described, the said ingot down and out upon a taper mandrel at least of the required length of the tube to be formed, and the exterior coniiguration or form of which mandrel is such as itis desired that the tapering bore of the resulting taper tube should possess, thereby compactin g and consolidating the substance ofthe metal of the ingot, thinning or reducing the latter in thickness and elongating it and shaping it until the desired proportions are attained. The ingots which I employ are oonico-cylindric,or of a hollow conico-cylindriform structure, of any metal, and either open lat both ends, closed at 'the smaller end, or closed at the smaller end and provided through such closed end with an aperture for the traction-rod of a mandrel.

As my machine is of especial applicability to the making of steel taper tubes, I contemplate also the employment of a steel cast conico-cylindric ingot ot' a character invented by me, two applications for patents for which were filed in the United States Patent Office upon the 14th day of May, 1885, and respectively nu1nbered l65,695 and 165,696.

Hereto'fore inthe art of metal rolling two or more pairs or sets of equal-sized concavefaced rolls, the two rolls constituting the respective sets or pairs of which, being placed the one over the other, have crossed each other-that is to say, have been adjusted in such manner that vertical planes respectively projected from their respective longitudinal axes have intersected each other at other than a right angle-have been in successive disposition in the same machine, employed for rounding, straightening, and sizing tubes and rods, the said tubes or rods having been passed through the passes of the successive sets in a direction whichl may, for the purposes of eX- Serial No.172,188. (No model.)

planation, be described as iight angular to a common imaginary longitudinal axis of each pair of rolls,` or in a direction much more nearly right angular to than parallel with the longitudinal axis of each individual roll of each pair. In such a machine all of the rolls upon a given side of the line of feed of the rod have, moreover, been arranged in a common frame with their aXes parallel, and all of the rolls upon the other side of said line of feed have likewise been arranged in another common frame with their axes parallel but angularly disposed with respect to or crossing, so to speak, the axes of the other series, the passes of all the sets having been of the same diameter, and a common simultaneous adjustment of all of the passes having been the only adjustment thereof possible. Heretofore, again, a pair or set of equal-sized concave-faced rolls placed one over the other so as to cross have been employed for rounding, straightening, and smoothing tubes and rods, the said rods or tubes having been introduced and passed through a pass extending longitudinally between or through, so to speak, the rollsand in a direction coincident with their common axis as opposed to having been passed through them in a direction right angular to said common axis of the set. Heretofore, also, in the art of metal-rolling, two or three equal-sized rolls having concaved working-faces have been arranged in a suitable housing, obliquely side by side or one over the other, or spirally, as it were, around a common central imaginary longitudinal axis of the set, so that the axes of the respective rolls forming each set have been inclined to each other in different planes, and each and all at au angle to the said common longitudinal axis, which is that of the article to be rolled, the said article having been introduced through a pass extending longitudinally between or through,so to speak, the rolls, (which pass, as is well known, is an extended straight bearing obtained between the roll.-facesin a line bisecting the angle of inclination of the rolls,) and the said machines as such having i been employed for rolling, finishing, reducing, straightening, and smoothing rods, tubes,

shafting, and other cylindrical or tubular articles, which receive a spiral or combined rotary and progressive movement from the rolls,

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which not only form the article to a true cylindrical shape, but at the same time feed it forward.

Assuming a set of rolls of either character last above described as a given type, I may assume a set of rolls of the character iirst above described as another given type, and may define thc distinguishing characteristics of the two types to be the direction in which the article tobe rolled is passed through the set of rolls-that is to say, whether it be passed through them in a direction right angular to what I may term their common axis, as in the case of the rolls first described, or parallel or coincident with said common axis, as in the case of either of the sets of rolls last above described.

I have discovered that asuperior-lnerchantable taper tube of metal, but especially that a taper steel tube, can be economically and successfully manufactured, either from a conicocylindrie metal ingot, or especially from. a conico-cylindrical steel cast ingot, by employing, in connection with a set of concave-faced rolls the rolls of which set cross each other and are idle-rolls, a taper mandrel adapted to be entered, head or apex first, and advanced ,through the pass of the set, the exterior configuration of which is that of the bore of the resultant tube upon which theingotis placed, which is adapted to be rotated about its 1ongitudinal axis with the ingot upon it, and which is at least ot' the required length of the tube to be formed from saidingot, and also by employing, in connection with said mandrel and rolls, means operating as the mandrel advances for so controlling the relative angular disposition of the axes of the pair oi" rolls that said rolls are caused to gradually separate a distance sufficient to occasion the gradual diamctric enlargement of the pass of the set as portions of the mandrel of greater diameter progressively enter and advance through the pass of said set, whereby the substance of the metal of the ingot is compacted and consolidated, and, after a sufficient number of repeated passes, the rolls being each time at starting adjusted to a smaller normal pass,

the ingot itself thinned or reduced in thickness and elongated and shaped until the required proportions are attained.

Apparatus embodying a good form of my invention is represented in the accompanying drawings and described in this specification, the particular subject-matter claimed as novel being hereinafter definitely specified.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a top plan view of an apparatus conveniently embodying a good form of my improvements, an ingot having a closed advance end being shown in position upon the mandrel and undergoing reduction in its passage through the rolls in the direction of the arrow upon it.

Fig. 2 is a central vertical longitudinal sectional elevation of the' apparatus represented in Fig. l, section being supposed in the plane of the dotted line x a; of said Fig. l, and sight being taken in the direction of the arrows upon said line, the reduction of the ingot being also illustrated. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the apparatus of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 isapartial left-hand end elevational view of the apparatus represented in Fig. l, the roll-adjusting bars being also shown in section in the plane of their retaining-bolts; and Fig. 5, an end elevation of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1, sight being taken from the left-hand end of said Fig. l, and the view showing a convenient axle-boxing.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

In the drawings, A represents any suitable bed or foundation for supporting the housings, within which the rolls arejournaled. M is a taper mandrel or a mandrel which is to the extent of the length of the taper tube to be produced conico cylindrical, and which is adapted to be rotated about its longitudinal axis by any convenient means-as, for instance, by being swiveled at its rear extremity in the mandrel frame or carriage. B is a conicoeylindricY ingot upon the mandrel. C C are two longitudinally-extending parallel housings vertically erected from the bed or foundation, and either cast solid therewith or bolted or otherwise secured thereto. The housings in the form of apparatus shown in the drawings support a set of rolls, which are marked D. rlhe rolls are each of the same size, and are respectively adjusted one above the other, and their axes, whatever for the time being be the relative angular disposition of the rolls, must always cross each other at an angle other than a right angle, and which is such as to cause the concave working-surfaces of the two rolls to always present in any angular relationship-not, however, right angular-a pass, which, when viewed from the end of the niachine, is, whatever its diameter, practically circular.

The journaling or housing of the rolls and the means for controlling the set of said rolls are as follows: Each housing in the region of its support of a set of rolls hasI preferably the form of a segment of a vertical cylinder, the said cylindrical segment-s being marked c 0X in the drawings; or, at least, the said housings are vertically cylindrically concaved on their adjacent faces, the curvature being the same in each, while the inner faces of said cylindrical segments of the housings are separated from each other a distance equal to the diameter of a circle, an arc of which corresponds with the are of their inner curved cylindrical faces-that is to say, a circle whose circumference is equal to that of the base of a supposed cylinder introduced vertically so as to iill the space between the cylindrical segments of the housing. The curved inner walls of both the segmental portions c and cx, therefore, have a common central vertical axis which is midway between them. The axles d of the rolls are preferably housed and journaled within adjustable boxings or bearings IIS IZO

dx, which are respectively conveniently iitted with respect to and adapted to have a move ment within reversely disposed segmental ways H, formed in opposite pairs in the respective cylindrical segments ofthe housings, and two of which are, as to each housing, projected, in what may be termed diagonallyquartered relationship, upon a common radius from a common center which is concentric with what I have characterized the common longitudinal axis7 of the rolls, and is conveniently about midway of the vertical depth of the said cylindrical segments, as will be more clearly understood by a reference to the drawings. By virtue of these pairs of reversely-disposed segmental ways within which either the axles of the rolls or their boxings are, as shown, entered, the movement of the rolls for increasing or diminishing the diameter of their pass becomes both certain and easy. A suitable arrangement or disposition of the segmental ways for the axle-boxings or the axles with respect to the cylindriform segments of the housings is represented in the drawings, and will be easily understood by a reference thereto. The corresponding segmental ways in opposite cylindrical segments are of course diagonally opposite. The ends of the axles or, when boxings are employed, a part of the boxings project through their ways and beyond the outside faces of the cylindrical segments, and it is obvious, therefore, that it' control is had of the said ends of the axles the set of the rolls with re'- speet to each other and with respect to their segmental ways can be cont-rolled at will, and the pass between the pair of rolls be, in consequence, increased or diminished in diametric extent.

In order to simultaneously effectuate the predetermined movements of the rolls of the set, I have devised the following convenient means for simultaneous adjustment: I IX are a pair of what I term traveling standards7 being vertically-erected framing-posts conveniently provided with laterally-projecting baseplates or toes t' ix, which take under and have a movement with respect to longitudi nally-extending overhung grooves, channels, .or lateral gutters t LX along the sides of the bed or foundation. Each pair of traveling standards is preferably connected by a top cross-bar, I', so that each pair of standards is connected by the cross-bar to form a transverse traveling fram e, and both of these frames are connected together, or, when more than two frames are employed, each frame counected with its neighbor by longitudinallyextending drive-bars J JK, which are of any desired length, and preferably of the length ofthe mandrel, and which are connected together by a traction-head, K, with respect to which the traction-rod m is swiveled. The traveling standards, connecting tcp cross-bars, drive-bars, and traction-head together constitute simply a convenient movable mandrel Aframe or carriage, which is adapted by any suitable means to be caused as a connected whole to travel lengthwise ofthe bed or foundation and with respect to the housings and rolls in either direction.

In the drawings no representation is made of any means for occasioning the advance or retraction of the mandrel-frame, for the reason that I assume such representation to be unnecessary, because the various appliances in common use for actuating mandrels or matr drel-frames are well known to iron-masters. I assume it, however, to be understood that any suitable mechanism is to be applied to the said carriage to occasion its advance and re treat at any predetermined speed.

Adj ustabl y supported, conveniently with respect to the traveling standards,are four rolladjusting bars,77 L, as I term them, two of which are appliedat each side ofthe machine. These roll-adjusting bars arein effect grooved bars, they being provided with `inturned flanges l at top and bottom, so that each bar presents, as to its entire longitudinal extent, a groove, within which is entered the projecting extremity of the axles ofthe rolls or a part of the axle-boxings. lllhus both axles or the boxings thereof of the upper roll are respectively entered within the grooves of the two upper-roll adjusting bars, and both laxles or theboxings thereof ol'thelower roll are respectively entered within the groovesl of the two lower-roll-adj Listing bars, substantially as. rIlhe bars upon their` shown in the drawings. side or back faces are provided with opposing pairs of lugs ZX, between which are contained,

as in a housing, adjusting-nuts n, threaded upon adjnstingrods N, which are cnt with both a right and a left handed screw-thread,

and which are housed in threaded sockets iX, conveniently formed in a part of or connected with the traveling standards. Each of. the

roll-adjusting bars is conveniently maintained against the inner side faces of the traveling standards upon the side of the frame upon which said bar happens to be by means of retaining-bolts O, which pass, through vertical slots l?, formed in said standards. 'Ihe rolladj listing bars, in whatever adjusted position' they may be set, are a fixture with the traveling carriage, and travel with it from end to end of the bedplate and longitudinally past the housings. In the set of the parts each upper-roll-adjusting bar and each lower-rolladjusting bar is to be parallel with its oppo- IOC) IIO

as in their advance with the mandrel frame or carriage to'occasicn the gradual separation of the two rolls of the set, so that the pass of said set is automatically and gradually increased in diametri@ extent as the thicker portions of the mandrel advance through it. In the drawings I have represented such a convergence or inclination of the roll-adj usting bars as corresponds to the taper of the mandrel. It is obvious, however, that a greater or less inclination can be imparted at the will of the operative. By the original set of the roll-adjusting bars the initial diametric extent of the pass of the set can be quickly and accurately determined.

l The housings constitute a most convenient framing; but the segmental ways may be formed independently of or supported separately from the said housings.

Having now described what I believe to be a convenient embodiment of my invention, and at the same time described the operation of the machine, it is proper for me to add that I believe myself to be the first to use a conicocylindriform mandrel the exterior contour of which is that of the desired bore of the tube, and which is of the length of the tube to be produced, and also capable of rotation about its longitudinal axis, in conjunction With a set of angularly disposed or crossing concavefaced idler-rolls, and in conjunction also With means for causing the gradual and predetermined approach and recession of said rollers, and the consequent gradual predetermined variance of diametric area of the pass of the set by occasioning a predetermined variance of their relative angular disposition, by which arrangement it is possible to reduce the external diameter of a tapering ingot placed upon the mandrel, and by setting down the rolls after each pass to effect a continued reduction until said ingot becomes a tapering tube of the desired thickness of Wall substance, which, it is to be observed, need not be uniform throughout the tube, and of no greater length than the mandrel.

It is of course obvious that While the housing for containing and the specific means for occasioning the simultaneous adjustment of the rolls,which I have represented and described, are Well adapted for the purpose, yet that they are not essential to my invention. The especial adjusting devices described, or others operating to substantially the same result, however, permit of the simultaneous adjustment of the pass of the rolls by a single movement or adjustment of the roll-adjusting bars, so as to accommodate the rolls to any size of ingot Within their range of separation.

The mandrel may be driven at any predetermined speed and by any power, and may of course be driven independently of the earriage or frame which drives the roll-adjusting bars. When driven with the ingot upon it, it occasions the actuation of the rolls, which are idler-rolls, in that they are not positively driven, but are simply caused to rotate by the friction of the ingot.

The ingots may be or cold.

The spiral or rotary progressive motion to Which the ingot on the mandrel, and with it the mandrel to which it for the time being adheres, is subjected prevents iinning or irregularities of any kind, and therefore tends to produce a uniformly-tapering and very marketable tube.

The mandrel may be extracted from the tube after rolling by stretching the tube, by loosening the mandrel, and by extracting the latter by any suitable means.

It is obvious that, if desired, the rolls may be set with their pass of a predetermined diameter, and the mandrel be operated independently of the carriage, to which the rolladjusting bars are connected, the latter being maintained in any fixed position, and the entire machine be thus employed for rolling cylindriform tubes.

It is proper for me to add that my machine Without the mandrel is Well adapted for reducing the diameters of tapering tubes or rods, and, if desired, by a suitable adjustment of its pass for rounding, straightening, and finishing such products, it being simply necessary for any such employment of said machine that the mandrel should be removed and the product to be operated upon be manipulated in its stead through the pass between the rolls.

I do not claim or seek to cover herein the provision of positive mechanism for driving the rolls, as the same is made a feature of auf other application, designated by me Case B, No. 2,77 and executed and filed contemporaneously with this; nor yet do I claim herein the provision or reversely-disposed segmental Ways, in connection with Which the axles of a rolled down either hot pair of concave-faced rolls arranged to cross each other are entered, as such a construction is set forth in another application executed and filed by me contemporaneously with this. Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent-- l. In a machine for making taper tubes from hollow conico-cylindric metal ingots, the combination of a pair of concave-faced rolls ar-` ranged With their axes inclined to each other, and a conicocylindric mandrel at least as long as the tube to be formed, and which is passed through the pass formed by the rolls in a direction right angular to their common axis, substautiallyas set forth.

2. In a machine for making taper tubes from hollow conico-cylindric metal ingots, the combination of a pair of concave faced rolls arranged With their axes inclined to each other, and a conicocylindric mandrel at least as long as the tube to be formed, which is passed through the pass formed by the rolls in a direction right angular to their common axis, and is rotated about its longitudinal axis, substantially as set forth,

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3. In a machine for making taper tubes from hollow conicoAcylindric metal ingots, the combination of a pair of concave-faced rolls arranged with their axes inclined to each other, a conico-cylindric mandrel at least as long as the tube to be formed, and which is passed through the pass formed by the rolls in a direction right angular to their common axis, and means for automatically occasioning vari ances in the angular disposition of the rolls, and consequently variances in the diametri@ extent of their reducing-pass, substantially as set forth.

4. In a machine for making taper tubes from hollow conico-cylindric metal ingots, the conn` bination of a pair of concave-faced rolls arranged with their axes inclined to each other, a conico-cylindric mandrel at least as long as the tube to be formed, which is passed through the pass formed by the rolls in a direction right angular to their common axis, and is rotated about its longitudinal axis, and means for automatically occasioning variances in the angular disposition of the rolls, and consequently variances in the diametric extent of their reducing-pass, substantially as set forth.

5. In a machine for making taper tubes from hollow conico-cylindric metal ingots, the combination of a pair of concave-faced rolls arranged with their axes inclined to each other, a conico-cylindric mandrel at least as long as the tube to be formed, and adapted to be passed through the pass formed by the rolls in a direction right angular to their common axis, means for automatically occasioning variances in the angular disposition of the rolls, and consequently variances in the diametric extent of their reducing-pass, and means for causing the advance and retraction of the mandrel, substantially as set forth.

6. In a machine for making taper tubes from hollow conico-cylindric metal ingots, the combination of a pair of concavefaced rolls arranged with their axes inclined to each other, a conico-cylindric mandrel at least as long as the tube to be formed, whichis passed through the pass formed by the rolls in a direction right angular to their common axis, and is rotated about its longitudinal axis, means for automatically occasioning variances in the angular disposition of the rolls, and consequently variances in the diametric extent of their reducing-pass, and means for causing the ad- Vance and retraction of the mandrel, substantially as set forth.

7. In a machine for making taper tubes from hollow conico-cylindric metal ingots, the combination of a pair of concavefaced rolls arranged with their axes inclined to each other, a conico-cylindric mandrel at least as long as the tube to be formed, and which is passed through the pass formed by the rolls in a direction right angular to their common axis, housings for supporting said rolls, reverselydisposed segmental ways for the axles of the rolls, roll-adjusting bars, and means for moving said roll-adj usting bars with respect to the housing, substantially as set forth.

8. In a machine for makingtaper tubes from hollow conico-cylindric metal ingots, the combination of a pair of concave-faced rolls arranged with their axes inclined to each other, a conicocylindric mandrel at least as long as the tube to be formed, and which is passed through the pass formed by the rolls in a rection right angular to their common axis, housings for supporting said rolls, reverselydisposed segmental ways for the axles of the rolls, roll-adj usting bars, and a movable frame or carriage for carrying the said roll-adj usting bars, substantially as set forth.

9. In a machine for making taper tubes from hollow conico-cylindric metal ingots, the oombination of a pair of concave-faced rolls arranged with their axes inclined to each other, a conico-cylindric mandrel at least as long as the tube to be formed, and adapted to be passed through the pass formed by the rolls in a rection right angular to their common axls, housings for supporting said rolls, reverselydisposed segmental ways for the axles of the rolls, roll-adjusting bars, a movable frame or carriage for carrying the said roll-adjusting bars, and means for simultaneously actuating the mandrel and the carriage or frame for the roll-adjusting bars, substantially as set forth.

10. In a machine for making taper tubes from hollow conico-cylindric metal ingots, the combination of a pair of concave-faced rolls arranged with their axes inclined to each other, a conico-cylindric mandrel at least as long as the tube to be formed, and which is passed through the pass formed by the rolls in a rection right angular to their common axis,

-housings for supporting said rolls, reversely- -disposed segmental ways for the axles of the rolls, roll-adjusting bars, a movable frame or carriage for carrying the said roll-adjusting bars, and means for securing the adjustment of the roll-adjusting bars with respect to the movable frame or carriage, substantially as set forth.

1l. In a machine of the class herein set forth, the combination of a movable carriage or frame for the mandrel, roll-adjusting bars carried by the frame and adapted to be engaged with the axles of the rolls, a conico-cylindric mandrel also carried by the frame, and suitable means for securing the adjustment of the roll-adjusting bars with respect to the movarble frame or carriage, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof Ihave hereunto signed my name this 6th day of July, A. D. 1885.

STEPHEN P. M. TASKER.

In presence of- J. BoNsALL TAYLOR, WM. C. STRAWBRIDGE.

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